From straightforward styling to elaborate perms, from a temporary tint to a platinum bleach, all these processes depend on changing part of the structure of hair. The stylists and technicians who have to apply them are expected to have a thorough understanding of hair structure, the hair growth cycle and the continuing care of hair. They need a working knowledge of the disorders of the hair and scalp, the chemistry of hair care products and the ways in which they protect the hair, and the science that underlies the various cosmetic procedures.

Softer, looser styles can be created by brushing and blow drying only, without using rollers. The principle is exactly the same as that of the setting process. The only difference is that the hydrogen bonds re-connect to form the style that has been shaped by the brush.

All hair gradually absorbs moisture from the air, and as the hydrogen bonds break it will in time lose its style - especially in damp weather!

The Perm
The strong disulphide linkages in hair are formed when the hair cells harden into keratin in the hair follicle. These are the bonds that keep the hair shaft in shape. In order to change its shape, the disulphide bonds have to be broken down and re-formed into a different pattern. We saw that like changes to hydrogen bonds in the setting process are only temporary. Chemical changes to the disulphide bonds are permanent (hence, the PERM).

Styling hair means temporarily or permanently altering its shape. Setting is different from perming in that there is no chemical reaction in the hair. All that happens is that some of the weak hydrogen bonds are broken by water and then re-form in the newly positioned hair as the water evaporates.

A curl can be produced by setting hair on a former such as a curler or roller - that is, allowing wet hair to dry while twisted round the former. (Fixing wet hair into pin curls has a similar effect.) After the curlers or rollers have been removed the hair holds its shape until it gets wet again.

In a perfect world, the hair could be left to dry naturally on the curlers or rollers and then combed out with a broad-toothed comb. But the pace and hurry of modern life makes this a luxury that we cannot afford, and the hair dryer has to be used to speed the process up. Heat is a great enemy to hair, however, and that means that dryers must always be used with great care and on a moderate setting.

The first truly permanent waves became available in 1920. The waving lotion was activated by heat from an electrical device. The early models did not have thermostats, and it was difficult to control their temperature.

Early in the 1940s the 'cold wave' was introduced. This was basically the perming process that we use today. The cold wave had many advantages: the unpleasant heat and weight of the old appliances were completely eliminated, and the hair could be waved closer to the scalp.

First, choose if you are having your hair done at home or at the salon. Then read up on some tips to keep in mind, as well as hairstyles to consider.

Straightening your hair before doing any styling will make the styling easier, especially if you wish to have clean fresh curls. This season, the curls are little and tight.

Part your hair on top of your head to "glamour up" an ordinary hairstyle.

If your hair is dry, run conditioner (about a dime/nickel size depending on thickness of hair) through your hair to eliminate frizz. This really works and won't make your hair crispy like mouse or spray.

If you are not sure which products to use and you are on a budget, try Herbal Essence. It smells fabulous and works all hair (the stuff that grows on the top of your head) types.

Always Popular Hairstyles

If you do not trust others with your hair or simply do not no what style to choose from, follow the guide below to find an always popular and do-able hairstyle. not to mention easy - and best of all.cheap.

The CLASSIC girl will brush her hair back in a tight ponytail leaving a small section of the pony tail underneath. Wrap what was left out around the pony tail holder. Use bobby pins to secure the loose hair, but try to keep them hidden. Remember that the tighter the hair, the less you will have to spend time restyling later that night when you're having fun. Don't make the ponytail either too high or too low, and use a little bit of hair spray - sleek it down with your fingertips to decrease any flyways.

Make an appointment at least 2 weeks in advance.

Bring a picture of the hairstyle you want, and know exactly what you are expecting.

Communicate with the stylist to make sure there are no misunderstandings.

Wear a button down shirt so you don't ruin all that hard work when you go to get dressed.

Expect to spend at least $30 - $65.

Don't stress out if it doesn't turn out exactly how you wanted it to.

Tips About Today's Styles

STRAIGHT hair is in, but so are CURLS. Natural tone highlights are out. Instead, streak your tips or underneath of hair with a metallic purple, wine red or other loud color for the trendy retro look.

ROMANTIC is always a popular look for prom. The traditional style is to pull half of your hair up form your ears to the top of your head. Tie the hair back in a ponytail and divide the hair into small or large section (whichever you prefer). Twist the sections and tie them up, leaving the tips loose to flutter. Then secure with bobby pins (the more the better, as long as they are concealed). Leave the rest of your hair hanging straight (use a straightening iron if your hair is naturally wavy or curly) and use conditioner to eliminate frizz.

• Androgenetic Alopecia: This is by far the leading type of hair loss in men and women and is a result of genetics. This genetic hair loss is hereditary and can be inherited from either side of the family. Commonly known as male and female pattern baldness, this type of hair loss is due to the action of a chemical known as dihydrotestosterone (DHT) which attacks the hair follicles and causes hair loss.